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笛子社团笔记# {: |- I' W% {8 z
竹笛的历史沿革 History of bamboo flute: ]) T6 i& f% V7 K: v7 t, b
1.八千年前骨头制作,是至今最早的笛子,又叫''骨哨。
- Z: v6 C; r7 v! ~8 z1 `(''Bone making 8,000 years ago is the earliest flute, also called "bone whistle".) N/ ^: U) f- b. |% |# G) I
2.殷周时代就有音阶完整的竹制笛子.
?/ k: [8 D5 I1 x0 f1 h3 KIn the Yin and zhou dynasties, there were bamboo flutes with complete scales.) c: f) H/ F4 V! `. [
3.魏晋时期出现十二律笛.1 _) L' c* u; J
The twelve flute appeared in wei and jin dynasties.+ I y2 Y& p+ f7 H$ j8 \
4.宋朝出现吹孔在中间,两手交叉起来演奏的''交叉笛''.
2 G) q1 {( T2 z In song dynasty, there was a "cross flute" with holes in the middle and hands crossed.
. V) `6 r% C" x* |% z8 N5.宋元以后,竹笛成为戏曲伴奏乐器,伴奏梆子戏的称为''梆笛'',伴奏昆曲的称为''曲笛. f0 L8 C# \3 I7 W2 M3 |6 r
''After song and yuan dynasties, bamboo flute became an accompaniment instrument for operas. Bangzi opera was called bangdi and kunqu opera was called qudi. d# w! ?4 ]6 C+ T, h! T# A: o6 G1 v
小工调 正宫调 乙字调 Xiao gong tune tune b character
3 v# z& U( Z8 C. B. b4 \% _3 A0 r1.以第三孔(从下向上数)作主音1的统称,''小工调''.
9 Y9 p' j7 x* S3 K* U! T$ L- aUse the third hole (from the bottom up) as the general term for tonic 1, "minor key".5 }$ s4 W1 g6 O2 M. s
2.以第六孔(顶孔)作主音的称为''正宫调''
3 h- h1 y) }: C) y& \4 b" s4 @ The one with the sixth hole (top hole) as the tonic is called "palace tone".
8 O$ Z$ R e3 n3.以筒音作为主音(全按孔)作主音的称为''乙字调''. _( n% |" [: W' N0 n
The tonic with the tube tone as the tonic (full press hole) is called "b-tone".8 z- @! v+ J1 C$ C
笛类乐器' Flute class instruments
7 `& t( s+ x: }1.竹笛属于横吹的开管乐器.
% D3 C$ u7 e. d$ E( k3 mBamboo flute is an open wind instrument that blows horizontally.
+ Q2 O% r8 v$ h+ P2.人体吸气经过唇部的控制,使气流成为一束,以斜面的角射入管的吹端,从而产生边棱振动,在管内形成驻波,因而发出与管长相对应的频率.凡此类型的称为'笛类乐器
. k" {6 R( r7 v nThe human body inhales through the control of the lips, making the air flow into a bundle, to the Angle of the inclined plane into the pipe blowing end, thus generating edge vibration, in the tube to form a standing wave, so as to emit the relative length of the frequency.& K8 C Q( W) ^7 c9 t
笛与萧的区别 The difference between flute and shaw6 [, e4 m! N2 r: i7 ~/ q
横吹的都称为''笛'',竖吹的都称为''萧''.# d* u. O# i# R5 V7 I
Those that blow horizontally are called flutes, and those that blow vertically are called shaws.
% w+ b; x% B1 E9 \2 X% D& b笛子各部分名称 The names of the parts of the flute! U' A8 s6 X$ s+ C& x
从下往上数,辅助音孔、基音双孔、第一孔、第二孔、第三孔、第四孔、第五孔、第六孔、笛膜孔、吹孔、笛塞。
3 `8 b- Z0 V' W6 u$ n/ `8 M D% xFrom the bottom up, auxiliary sound hole, pitch double hole, first hole, second hole, third hole, fourth hole, fifth hole, sixth hole, flute film hole, blowing hole, flute plug.! D t! v% F, Y1 l$ P2 j% d2 f/ j; f# T
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